📋 Table of Contents
⚡ Quick Definition: What Does 아줌마 (ajumma) Mean?
아줌마, pronounced as ajumma, means “Middle-aged woman (often derogatory) / Aunt (informal) / Ma’am (casual, increasingly offensive)” in Korean. This essential Korean phrase appears frequently in K-dramas like My Mister, SKY Castle, Reply 1988 (시대 변화 반영).
When you search for ajumma, you’re looking to understand the deeper meaning behind this powerful Korean expression. The word ajumma carries emotional weight and cultural significance.
Korean speakers use ajumma in various contexts daily. Mastering this phrase opens doors to more natural Korean communication.
If you’ve watched K-dramas, you’ve heard ajumma multiple times. Understanding the complete ajumma meaning helps you grasp the emotion and cultural context.
Learning ajumma is essential for Korean conversation. The ajumma meaning becomes clearer through authentic Korean content.
🎵 How to Pronounce 아줌마 – ajumma Pronunciation Guide
Mastering ajumma Pronunciation
Romanization (English): ajumma
Japanese (Katakana): アジュンマ
When learning ajumma, pronunciation is absolutely critical. Korean pronunciation differs significantly from English.
The ajumma pronunciation requires attention to Korean vowel sounds and consonants. Many Korean learners struggle with ajumma at first.
Listen carefully to native Korean speakers saying ajumma in K-dramas like My Mister, SKY Castle, Reply 1988 (시대 변화 반영). Pay attention to how they pronounce ajumma in different emotional contexts.
- Listen to ajumma in K-dramas repeatedly
- Practice the ajumma tone and rhythm
- Focus on Korean vowel sounds in ajumma
- Don’t rush when saying ajumma
Watch My Mister, SKY Castle, Reply 1988 (시대 변화 반영) and repeat after the characters. Hearing 아줌마 in context makes ajumma pronunciation natural.
📚 Complete Guide to Understanding ajumma
Deep Dive: The Full Meaning of ajumma
A complex and increasingly controversial Korean term! 아줌마 (ajumma) technically means “middle-aged married woman” but has evolved from a casual family term to a widely considered offensive and disrespectful way to address women. This loaded term appears in K-dramas reflecting different eras – Reply 1988 (when it was more acceptable) vs modern dramas where its use signals disrespect or conflict. For foreign learners wanting to navigate Korean society respectfully, understanding why NOT to use 아줌마 is absolutely essential.
⚠️ WARNING: This post explains a term to AVOID, not to use.
THE ORIGINAL MEANING: SHORTENED FORM OF 아주머니 아줌마 (ajumma) = shortened form of 아주머니 (ajumeoni) 아주머니 (ajumeoni) = respectful term for middle-aged married woman, aunt Originally, 아줌마 was simply the casual, shortened version used within families or by young children.
ORIGINAL ACCEPTABLE USAGE (PAST): Young children to mother’s friends Within close family circles Very casual but not inherently offensive “친구 엄마” context – child calling friend’s mother But this has fundamentally changed in modern Korea. THE CRITICAL DISTINCTION: 아주머니 VS 아줌마 These are NOT interchangeable:
아주머니 (AJUMEONI) – RESPECTFUL: Honorific, polite term Shows respect for middle-aged woman Still acceptable in some contexts (with elderly women, 60+) Formal and courteous
아줌마 (AJUMMA) – DISRESPECTFUL: Casual, lowered speech level Contains negative connotations Now widely considered offensive Signals lack of respect THE CRUCIAL DIFFERENCE: Just because they share the same root doesn’t make them equal. 아줌마 is a “낮춤말” (lowered/diminished form) while 아주머니 is a “높임말” (elevated/respectful form). This is like the difference between calling someone “sir” vs “dude” – same person, completely different respect level.
THE EVOLUTION: FROM NEUTRAL TO OFFENSIVE 아줌마’s meaning has dramatically shifted over decades: 1980s-EARLY 1990s: Relatively neutral casual term Used for service workers, strangers Children and adults both used it Generally accepted social norm MID-1990s: Women beginning to reject the term Lawyer 배금자’s 1995 autobiography describes hating being called “아줌마” dismissively by courthouse guards Starting to be recognized as disrespectful Early awareness of gender bias 2000s-2010s: Increasingly negative connotations Women actively objecting to the term Alternative terms becoming preferred Social consciousness rising PRESENT (2020s): Widely recognized as offensive and rude Calling a stranger “아줌마” = starting a fight Even young children taught not to use it Clear social consensus: don’t use this term This evolution reflects growing awareness of women’s rights and respect in Korean society.
THE NEGATIVE CONNOTATIONS Modern 아줌마 carries heavy negative baggage: IMPLIES “OLD”: “늙었다” (Old, past prime) Loss of youth No longer young and attractive AGE-BASED DISMISSIVENESS IMPLIES “UNATTRACTIVE”: “이성적인 매력이 없다” (No romantic/sexual appeal) Desexualized and dismissed Judged solely on age SEXIST OBJECTIFICATION IMPLIES “PUSHY/RUDE”: “뻔뻔하다” (Shameless, brazen) “괄괄하다” (Rough, aggressive) “성격이 더럽다” (Bad personality) NEGATIVE STEREOTYPES These aren’t just unfortunate associations – they’re core to how the term is understood now.
WHEN IT WAS (BARELY) ACCEPTABLE There were limited contexts where 아줌마 was acceptable: YOUNG CHILDREN: Very young kids (elementary school or younger) to family friends Child calling friend’s mother “아줌마” Even this is now discouraged – better to say “OO 어머니” CLOSE FAMILY CIRCLES: Within families, between in-laws of similar age Very casual family contexts But even here, many modern families avoid it IMPORTANT: Once you’re an adult, calling your friend’s mother “아줌마” is extremely rude. The age of the speaker matters enormously.
WHY IT’S OFFENSIVE NOW Multiple factors make modern 아줌마 use unacceptable: IT’S A 낮춤말 (LOWERED FORM): Grammatically indicates lower respect Like calling a stranger “아재” (lowered form of 아저씨) Nobody would accept a stranger calling them lowered forms Inherently disrespectful to strangers GENDER DOUBLE STANDARD: Men aren’t casually called “아재” by strangers Women subjected to “아줌마” showed gender disrespect Highlighted unfair treatment of women AGEIST AND SEXIST: Reduces women to age and marital status Implies women “expire” after certain age Perpetuates harmful stereotypes Modern society rejecting these attitudes HISTORICAL CONTEXT: Even in 1990s, many women hated it (see 배금자 lawyer’s account) Wasn’t that “everyone was fine with it” Women’s voices just weren’t being heard Now society listening to women’s experiences THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVES How to address middle-aged women respectfully:
SAFEST UNIVERSAL: “저기요” (Excuse me) Works for anyone, any age Completely neutral and respectful “저기요, 실례합니다” (Excuse me, sorry to bother)
RESPECTFUL FORMAL: “사모님” (Madam – literally “teacher’s wife”) Shows respect, suggests refinement Even young women tolerate this (if slightly awkward) “고상하다” (elegant) connotation, not “늙었다” (old) “여사님” (Madam, Ms.) Respectful, professional Used for accomplished women No negative age connotations “선생님” (Teacher, Ms.) Professional, respectful Works in many contexts Shows courtesy IF THEY HAVE CHILDREN: “OO 어머니” (OO’s mother) Respectful, identifies relationship Most appropriate when you know their child “민수 어머니” (Minsu’s mother)
FOR ELDERLY WOMEN (60+): “아주머니” might be acceptable Still better: “할머니” (grandmother) if clearly elderly Even then, 저기요 is safest Watch the situation carefully PROFESSIONAL CONTEXTS: “사장님” (Boss, owner) For business owners Shows respect for their role “고객님” (Honored customer) Service industry appropriate
THE ABSOLUTE DON’T LIST Never use 아줌마 in these situations:
🚫 TO STRANGERS: Extremely rude and disrespectful Likely to start conflict Shows complete lack of social awareness Modern social taboo
🚫 IN SERVICE CONTEXTS: Not to waitresses, cashiers, cleaners They are professionals deserving respect Use their role title or 저기요 Incredibly disrespectful
🚫 TO FRIENDS’ MOTHERS (AS ADULT): Even if you called them that as a child Once you’re an adult, switch to “OO 어머니” or “어머님” Continuing shows you haven’t matured Major social faux pas
🚫 IN PROFESSIONAL SETTINGS: Never in office, business, formal contexts Use appropriate titles Shows profound lack of professionalism
🚫 TO ANYONE YOU WANT TO SHOW RESPECT: If you want to be polite, never use 아줌마 The term itself conveys disrespect No way to make it respectful These rules are not suggestions – they’re social requirements in modern Korea.
K-DRAMA REFLECTIONS Korean dramas show this evolution: REPLY 1988 (1980s SETTING): Characters use “아줌마” more freely Reflects that era’s norms But even then, notice when it causes offense Shows it was never universally okay SKY CASTLE (MODERN): Characters avoid “아줌마” Use “OO 어머니” or formal titles Reflects current norms When “아줌마” appears, it signals conflict or disrespect MY MISTER: Professional women addressed respectfully No casual “아줌마” usage Shows modern workplace respect Dramas increasingly reflect women’s rejection of this term.
THE 아재 COMPARISON Understanding through male equivalent: 아줌마 (ajumma) = lowered form of 아주머니 (middle-aged woman) 아재 (ajae) = lowered form of 아저씨 (middle-aged man) NOBODY would accept a stranger calling them “아재” It’s clearly disrespectful and would start a fight Yet women were expected to accept “아줌마” The double standard is obvious This comparison helps men understand why women hate “아줌마.”
THE STEREOTYPE PROBLEM 아줌마 comes with specific stereotypes: THE “AJUMMA PERM”: Short permed hair Seen as giving up on appearance Stereotype of married women “letting themselves go” PUSHY BEHAVIOR: Elbowing in lines Loud and aggressive Demanding and entitled FASHION: Practical over stylish Visors, hiking gear in daily life Colorful floral patterns These stereotypes are harmful and reductive, and the term 아줌마 reinforces them. Modern Korean women actively reject these stereotypes and the label.
FOREIGNER CAUTION Foreign learners must be especially careful: DON’T USE IT JUST BECAUSE YOU HEARD IT: Older materials might show it Doesn’t mean it’s currently acceptable Language and social norms evolve KOREANS WILL BE OFFENDED: Even if you’re foreign Ignorance isn’t an excuse Shows lack of cultural respect STICK TO SAFE ALTERNATIVES: 저기요 always works When in doubt, be more formal Better too polite than offensive LISTEN TO KOREAN WOMEN: They’re telling you it’s offensive Believe them Don’t argue based on old information This is not a “PC culture” issue – it’s basic respect.
THE HISTORICAL EVIDENCE Evidence shows this wasn’t always acceptable: 1995: Lawyer 배금자’s autobiography “이의 있습니다” Describes hating being dismissively called “아줌마” by courthouse guards Wore her badge prominently to avoid the term Made extra efforts to dress professionally CLEARLY it was offensive even then – women’s objections just weren’t taken seriously. Guards didn’t call male lawyers “아재” – gender double standard. This proves “everyone was fine with it in the 90s” is false – women weren’t fine with it, society just ignored them.
CURRENT SOCIAL CONSENSUS Modern Korean society is clear: CALLING A STRANGER “아줌마” = RUDE: Universally recognized as disrespectful Could lead to confrontation Shows poor upbringing and manners EDUCATION STARTING YOUNG: Even elementary students taught not to use it Parents teaching children proper alternatives Social norms actively changing MEDIA AWARENESS: Articles discussing the term’s offensiveness Public discourse on respectful language Growing consensus on women’s dignity The debate is largely over – society has decided this term is inappropriate.
AGE AND USAGE Who might still use it (inappropriately):
OLDER GENERATION: Some elderly people still use it habitually Doesn’t make it okay Younger generations correcting this
RURAL AREAS: Sometimes more casual usage persists But even there, changing rapidly Urban norms spreading
PEOPLE UNAWARE: Those not keeping up with social changes Foreign learners with outdated information Need education on current norms But increasingly, everyone knows it’s problematic.
THE POSITIVE SHIFT Why this change is good: RESPECTS WOMEN: Treats women as individuals, not stereotypes Acknowledges women’s dignity regardless of age Rejects ageist and sexist attitudes
BETTER SOCIETY: More thoughtful and respectful communication Awareness of how language affects people Evolution toward equality
CLEARER ALTERNATIVES: 저기요, 사모님, 여사님 are better More specific and respectful Serve communication needs without offense This represents social progress, not “oversensitivity.”
SUMMARY 아줌마 = shortened form of 아주머니, BUT highly offensive in modern usage Evolution: 1990s somewhat acceptable → 2020s widely recognized as rude Negative connotations: old, unattractive, pushy, rude – harmful stereotypes Different from 아주머니: 아줌마 is 낮춤말 (lowered), 아주머니 is 높임말 (respectful) Historical truth: Even in 1990s, many women hated it (배금자 lawyer example) Never use to: Strangers, service workers, friends’ mothers (as adult), anyone you respect Safe alternatives: 저기요 (safest), 사모님/여사님 (respectful), OO 어머니 (if applicable) Why offensive: Lowered form + ageist + sexist + negative stereotypes Current consensus: Don’t use this term – society has moved on Represents: Social progress toward respecting women’s dignity CRITICAL: This is a term to AVOID, not to learn to use!
The complete meaning of ajumma extends far beyond simple translation. Korean speakers convey layers of meaning that English speakers might miss.
Understanding ajumma requires knowledge of Korean cultural values. Every context shapes the precise meaning of ajumma.
Korean learners discover that ajumma operates differently based on relationships and situations. Mastering ajumma means understanding these nuances.
The beauty of ajumma lies in its versatility. Native speakers have internalized how to use ajumma naturally.
Watch K-dramas like My Mister, SKY Castle, Reply 1988 (시대 변화 반영) to observe ajumma in context. Each instance teaches you something new about Korean expression.
Why Learning ajumma Matters
Understanding ajumma is crucial for Korean learners. This phrase represents fundamental Korean communication patterns.
When you master ajumma, you develop cultural competency. Korean communication relies heavily on context, and ajumma demonstrates this perfectly.
The same ajumma pronunciation can convey different meanings. Tone, timing, and relationship dynamics all matter when using ajumma.
Korean learners who study ajumma improve their fluency dramatically. This phrase appears so frequently in conversation that it provides constant practice.
Every K-drama features ajumma multiple times. Natural exposure helps you understand the ajumma meaning deeply.
🎬 How 아줌마 is Used in K-Dramas
Featured in: My Mister, SKY Castle, Reply 1988 (시대 변화 반영)
K-drama fans will recognize 아줌마 from popular shows. In My Mister, SKY Castle, Reply 1988 (시대 변화 반영), characters use ajumma in emotionally significant moments that showcase the true ajumma meaning.
Watching how 아줌마 is used in these dramas provides the best education in natural Korean expression. Pay attention to:
- The situations where characters say ajumma
- The tone and emotion behind 아줌마
- The responses and reactions to this phrase
- Body language and facial expressions accompanying it
Each K-drama offers different contexts for ajumma, helping you understand the full range of ajumma meaning.
🎭 Tone, Context & Usage Tips
Mastering the Nuances of 아줌마
⚠️ CRITICAL WARNING This section explains a term you should NOT use, only recognize if you hear it. —
🚫 “아줌마” (ajumma) – Middle-aged woman (OFFENSIVE)
→ Tone: N/A – DON’T USE THIS TERM
→ Context: Increasingly offensive to women
→ Why you might hear it: – Older generation still using it habitually – Historical dramas reflecting past usage – Conflicts where rudeness is intentional
→ K-drama context: Reply 1988 (1980s) vs modern shows
→ Reflects changing social norms
→ NEVER USE TO:
🚫 Strangers
🚫 Service workers
🚫 Friends’ mothers (as adult)
🚫 Anyone you want to show respect —
✅ “저기요” (jeogiyo) – Excuse me (SAFE ALTERNATIVE)
→ Tone: Polite, neutral, respectful
→ Used for: Getting anyone’s attention safely
→ Voice: Clear, polite
→ Example: “저기요, 실례합니다” (Excuse me, sorry to bother)
→ Works for anyone, any age
→ SAFEST universal option
→ Never offensive
→ Body language: Polite gesture
→ Always appropriate —
🙏 “사모님” (samonim) – Madam (RESPECTFUL)
→ Tone: Respectful, elevating
→ Used for: Adult women, showing respect
→ Voice: Formal, courteous
→ Example: “사모님, 안녕하세요” (Madam, hello)
→ Literal: “Teacher’s wife”
→ Connotation: Elegant, refined
→ NOT “old” – “sophisticated”
→ Even young women tolerate this
→ Shows respect and class —
👔 “여사님” (yeosanim) – Ms./Madam (PROFESSIONAL)
→ Tone: Professional, respectful
→ Used for: Professional women, formal contexts
→ Voice: Respectful, formal
→ Example: “여사님, 질문 있습니다” (Ms., I have a question)
→ Professional and dignified
→ No age connotations
→ Respectful and appropriate
→ Suitable for business contexts
→ Shows proper respect —
👨👩👧 “OO 어머니” (OO eomeoni) – OO’s mother
→ Tone: Respectful, relational
→ Used for: Women with children you know
→ Example: “민수 어머니, 안녕하세요” (Minsu’s mother, hello)
→ Most appropriate when you know their child
→ Respectful identification
→ Commonly used and safe
→ Better than any general term
→ Shows thoughtfulness —
👩🏫 “선생님” (seonsaengnim) – Teacher/Ms.
→ Tone: Professional, respectful
→ Used for: General respectful address
→ Voice: Formal, courteous
→ Example: “선생님, 도와주세요” (Teacher/Ms., please help)
→ Works in many contexts
→ Professional and respectful
→ No negative connotations —
⚖️ 아주머니 vs 아줌마: 아주머니 (AJUMEONI): Respectful, elevated form 높임말 (honorific) MIGHT be okay for elderly (60+) Still better: use 저기요 아줌마 (AJUMMA): Disrespectful, lowered form 낮춤말 (diminished) NEVER use to strangers Widely considered offensive CRITICAL DIFFERENCE: Not just “long vs short” Completely different respect levels —
📊 Historical Evolution: 1980s-EARLY 1990s: More casually used But women already disliking it MID-1990s: Women actively rejecting 배금자 lawyer’s 1995 account 2000s-2010s: Increasingly recognized as offensive Social awareness growing PRESENT (2020s): Clear social consensus: DON’T USE Even children taught alternatives Major social evolution! —
💔 Negative Connotations: AGEIST: “늙었다” (old, past prime) Loss of youth Dismissive of age SEXIST: “이성적 매력 없다” (no attraction) Objectification Judged on appearance STEREOTYPES: “뻔뻔하다” (shameless) “괄괄하다” (rough) “성격 더럽다” (bad personality) These aren’t neutral! Core to modern understanding —
🎭 K-Drama Reflections: Reply 1988 (1980s setting): More casual “아줌마” usage Reflects that era But notice: still causes offense SKY Castle (modern): Characters avoid “아줌마” Use proper alternatives When used = signals disrespect My Mister: Professional women respected No casual “아줌마” Shows modern norms Dramas reflect social change! —
🚫 The 아재 Comparison: 아줌마 (woman): Lowered form of 아주머니 Society expected women to accept 아재 (man): Lowered form of 아저씨 No man accepts strangers calling them this DOUBLE STANDARD: Men wouldn’t tolerate it Women shouldn’t have to either Clear gender inequality Now being corrected —
✅ Safe Alternatives Summary: UNIVERSAL SAFE: 저기요 (excuse me) ALWAYS works RESPECTFUL FORMAL: 사모님 (madam – elegant) 여사님 (Ms. – professional) 선생님 (teacher/Ms.) IF APPLICABLE: OO 어머니 (OO’s mother) FOR ELDERLY (cautiously): 아주머니 (still better: 저기요) NEVER: 아줌마 to anyone —
⚠️ Foreigner Warning: DON’T USE JUST BECAUSE: You heard it in old content Saw it in textbooks Norms have changed KOREANS WILL BE OFFENDED: Even if you’re foreign Shows lack of respect No excuse STICK TO SAFE OPTIONS: 저기요 always works When in doubt, more formal Better too polite than offensive LISTEN TO KOREAN WOMEN: They say it’s offensive Believe them Don’t argue with old info Basic respect! —
📚 Historical Evidence: 1995 Lawyer 배금자: Autobiography “이의 있습니다” Hated being called “아줌마” Court guards dismissive Made efforts to avoid term: Wore badge prominently Dressed extra professionally Clearly offensive even then Guards didn’t call male lawyers “아재” Gender double standard Proves: NOT “everyone was fine with it” Women weren’t heard —
🌟 Why This Change Is Good: RESPECTS WOMEN: Treats as individuals Not stereotypes Dignity regardless of age BETTER SOCIETY: Thoughtful communication Awareness of language impact Evolution toward equality CLEARER ALTERNATIVES: 저기요, 사모님, 여사님 Specific and respectful Better communication Social progress: Not “oversensitivity” Basic human respect —
🎯 Ultimate Takeaway: 아줌마 = DON’T USE Increasingly offensive term! Evolution: 1990s questionable → 2020s clearly rude Why offensive: Lowered form (낮춤말) Ageist + sexist Negative stereotypes Use instead: 저기요 (safest) 사모님/여사님 (respectful) OO 어머니 (if applicable) Historical truth: Women always disliked it Now society listening Critical lesson: This term to AVOID Not to use Social progress! ⚠️✨
When to Use ajumma
Context is everything when it comes to 아줌마. The ajumma meaning changes based on:
- Relationship: Who you’re speaking to
- Situation: Formal vs informal settings
- Emotion: Your emotional state and intent
- Timing: When in the conversation
Native Koreans naturally adjust their tone when saying ajumma. Learning these subtleties is crucial for truly understanding the ajumma meaning.
🌏 Cultural Background of 아줌마
Korean Cultural Values
To fully grasp the ajumma meaning, you need to understand Korean cultural context. 아줌마 reflects important aspects of Korean society including:
- Social hierarchy and respect
- Emotional expression norms
- Communication patterns
- Relationship dynamics
When Koreans use ajumma, they’re drawing on centuries of cultural tradition. This makes learning the ajumma meaning about more than just vocabulary – it’s cultural education.
Regional and Generational Differences
The use of 아줌마 can vary across Korea and between age groups. Younger Koreans might use ajumma differently than older generations. K-dramas from different eras show these variations in the ajumma meaning.
⚠️ Common Mistakes When Using 아줌마
What NOT to Do
Foreign learners often make mistakes with 아줌마. Avoid these common errors when using ajumma:
- Wrong tone: Using inappropriate emotional tone
- Wrong context: Formal phrase in casual setting or vice versa
- Wrong timing: Using at inappropriate moments
- Pronunciation errors: Mispronouncing ajumma
Understanding these mistakes helps you master the ajumma meaning more quickly. Watch K-dramas carefully to see correct usage of 아줌마.
📖 Related Korean Phrases
If you’re learning 아줌마, you’ll also want to know these related Korean expressions:
- appa, eomma Meaning: Complete Korean Guide – Another essential Korean phrase
- jebal geumanhae Meaning: Complete Korean Guide – Another essential Korean phrase
- chingu Meaning: Complete Korean Guide – Another essential Korean phrase
Each of these phrases, like ajumma, plays an important role in Korean communication. Learning them together gives you a complete understanding of Korean expression.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions About 아줌마
How do you write 아줌마 in Korean?
The Korean writing is: 아줌마. This is written in Hangul, the Korean alphabet.
Is ajumma formal or informal?
The formality level of 아줌마 depends on context and ending. Watch K-dramas like My Mister, SKY Castle, Reply 1988 (시대 변화 반영) to see different formality levels in action.
Can I use 아줌마 with anyone?
Usage of ajumma depends on your relationship with the person. Korean has different speech levels based on age, status, and intimacy.
What’s the difference between 아줌마 and similar Korean phrases?
While 아줌마 means “Middle-aged woman (often derogatory) / Aunt (informal) / Ma’am (casual, increasingly offensive)”, other Korean expressions might convey similar but distinct meanings. Context and tone determine the best choice.
Where can I hear 아줌마 used naturally?
K-dramas like My Mister, SKY Castle, Reply 1988 (시대 변화 반영) provide the best examples of natural ajumma usage. Netflix, Viki, and other streaming platforms offer great resources.
🔗 Additional Resources
Learn More About Korean
🎯 Summary: Mastering 아줌마
Understanding the ajumma meaning is essential for any Korean learner or K-drama fan. 아줌마 (ajumma) means “Middle-aged woman (often derogatory) / Aunt (informal) / Ma’am (casual, increasingly offensive)” but carries deeper cultural significance.
Key points to remember about ajumma:
- Master the pronunciation: ajumma
- Understand the cultural context behind 아줌마
- Learn from K-dramas like My Mister, SKY Castle, Reply 1988 (시대 변화 반영)
- Practice tone and emotional expression
- Use appropriately based on relationship and situation
Keep practicing 아줌마, watch more K-dramas, and immerse yourself in Korean language and culture. Every phrase you learn, including ajumma, brings you closer to fluency!
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